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Breathalyzer source code must be disclosed
By Declan McCullagh
Staff Writer, CNET News.com
Florida police can't use electronic breathalyzers as
courtroom evidence against drivers unless the innards are disclosed, a state
court ruled Wednesday.
A three-judge panel in Sarasota County said that a defense
expert must have access to the source code--the secret step-by-step software
instructions--used by the Intoxilyzer 5000. It's a simple computer with
168KB of RAM (random access memory) that's manufactured by CMI of Owensboro,
Ky.
"Unless the defense can see how the breathalyzer works,"
the judges wrote, the device amounts to "nothing more than a 'mystical
machine' used to establish an accused's guilt."
The case, one of the first to test whether source code used
in such devices will be divulged, could influence the outcome of hundreds
of drunk-driving prosecutions in the state. So far, Florida courts have
been split on the topic, with some tossing out cases involving breath alcohol
tests and others concluding that the information about the machine's workings
should remain a trade secret.
In one similar 1988 case, Florida defense attorneys discovered
that the police had mechanically modified a breath test machine so much
that its results were no longer valid and could not be admitted as evidence
in a prosecution.
The Sarasota judges didn't require the public disclosure of
the source code. Rather, they ordered that it must be given to a defense
expert who will keep it in confidence and return it when his analysis is
complete. That analysis could show bugs or reveal that the code was modified
after the Intoxilyzer was certified for use by the state--meaning the device's
output could not be used in court.
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